0.5%盐酸罗哌卡因复合芬太尼腰麻在剖宫产术中的临床应用效果

目的:探讨0.5%盐酸罗哌卡因复合芬太尼腰麻在剖宫产术中临床应用效果。方法:选取自2015年01月~2015年05月择期在我院行剖宫产的产妇70例,随机分为观察组和对照组,每组35例。对照组采用0.5%盐酸罗哌卡因进行腰麻,观察组采用0.5%盐酸罗哌卡因复合芬太尼进行腰麻。比较两组的麻醉效果及产妇麻醉指标,记录两组麻醉前后血压及心率变化,并对比两组新生儿出生后1、5、10 min的Apgar评分。结果:观察组麻醉优良率为97.14%,明显高于对照组的85.71%(P0.05)。两组麻醉后30 min血压、心率与麻醉前相比,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05),且两组间比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组痛觉阻滞起效时间、痛觉恢复时间、运动阻滞起效时间、运动恢复时间与对照组相比,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组新生儿出生后1、5、10min Apgar评分均明显高于对照组(P0.05)。结论:0.5%盐酸罗哌卡因复合芬太尼腰麻应用于剖宫产术,能有效提升麻醉效果,麻醉阻滞起效快,持续时间长,有利于改善新生儿结局,具有临床推广意义。     

罗哌卡因腰麻-硬膜外联合麻醉对剖宫产患者血清泌乳素水平的影响及其风险评估

目的:探讨罗哌卡因腰麻-硬膜外联合麻醉对剖宫产初产妇血清泌乳素水平的影响并评估其安全性。方法:收集我院就诊的90例剖宫产足月单胎初产妇,随机分为实验组和对照组,每组45例。实验组组均采用1%罗哌卡因1.5 mL+生理盐水1.5 mL,对照组产妇给予硬膜外麻醉。术后,比较两组产妇的泌乳素、感觉以及运动阻滞情况、麻醉效果以及不良反应发生率。结果:与手术前相比,两组产妇术后的泌乳素水平升高,且实验组产妇的泌乳素水平显著高于对照组(P0.05)。与对照组相比,实验组产妇感觉阻滞起效时间、运动阻滞起效时间较短,感觉恢复时间以及运动恢复时间较长,麻醉效果较好,不良反应的发生率较低(P0.05)。结论:罗哌卡因腰麻-硬膜外联合麻醉对剖宫产患者血清泌乳素水平的变化影响较硬膜外麻醉小,且麻醉效果及安全性更高。     

华南贵州罗旬纳水剖面宾夕法尼亚亚系各阶之界线

贵州罗甸纳水剖面是研究宾夕法尼亚亚系牙形刺和各阶界线的良好剖面.经详细研究,从石炭系中间界线至石炭-二叠系界线,一个新的牙形刺序列为Gnathodus bilineatus bollandensis(密西西比亚系顶部),Declinog-nathodus noduliferus, Idiognathoides sulcatus sulcatus, Id. sinuatus, Id. corrugatus-Id. pacificus, Neognatho-dus symmetricus, Idiognathodus primulus-Neognathodus symmetricus, Idiognathodus primulus-Neognathodus bassleri, Idiognathoides sulcatus parva, Streptognathodus expansus, Idiognathoides ouachitensis, Diplognatho-dus coloradoensis, Di. ellesmerensis, Gondolella donbassica-Go, clarki, Idiognathodus podolskensis, Swadelina subexcelsa, Sw. makhlina-Sw, nodocarinata, Idiognathodus sagittalis, Streptognathodus cancellosus, St. graci-lis, St. guizhouensis, Idiognathodus simulator, I. nashuiensis, Streptognathodus firmus, St. tenuialveus, St. wabaunsensis和St. isolatus(二叠系)等带.Declinognathodus noduliferus和Streptognathodus isolatus的首次现分别代表宾夕法尼亚亚系和二叠系之底;Diplognathodus ellesmerensis, Idiognathodus sagittalis和J. simula-tor的首现则可分别代表莫斯科阶(Moscovian),卡西莫夫阶(Kasimovian)和格舍尔阶(Gzhelian)之底界.作者较为详细讨论了巴什基尔阶与莫斯科阶以及卡西莫夫阶与格舍尔阶之界线,并认为以Diplognathodus ellesmerensis的首现作为巴什基尔阶(Bashkirian)与莫斯科阶之界线足目前最合适的标志.Diplognathodus ellesmerensis是一易于识别、分布广泛及层位稳定的牙形刺种,其产出又十分接近巴什基尔阶与莫斯科阶的传统界线,因此是划分此界线的良好标志.作者拟推荐纳水剖面为莫斯科阶底界之候选层型剖面,这一界线详细的工作正在大量采样分析和深入研究中,成果将在以后陆续发表.     

昆虫嗅觉神经的计算机三维重建

基于激光扫描共聚焦显微镜平台的计算机三维重建在昆虫嗅觉神经研究中发挥了重要作用。对经荧光标记的神经组织采集系列光学切片并进行三维重建,在双翅目、鳞翅目、膜翅目、蜚蠊目昆虫中均有进展。触角叶是昆虫的初级嗅觉中心,触角叶的解剖学图谱是识别不同种和雌雄虫间嗅球体特定功能的先决条件。了解构成嗅觉传输途径的主要神经元的形态和空间关系是理解气味信息在中枢神经系统编码的基础。三维重建昆虫的嗅觉神经,对于探讨昆虫嗅觉在其寄主选择、觅食以及寻找配偶等行为中的作用具有非常重要的意义。     

Cuticular wax composition of Salix varieties in relation to biomass productivity

The leaf cuticular waxes of six Salix clones (one Salix miyabeana, one Salix dasyclados, one Salix eriocephala, two Salix purpurea, and one interspecific hybrid of Salix eriocephala x interior) with different biomass productivities were characterized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Total wax content ranged from 6.3 to 16.8 microg cm(-2), and two distinct patterns of wax were measured. The wax from leaves of S. dasyclados 'SV1' differed from all other clones and was dominated by fatty acids (42%), high concentrations of n-alkanes (25%) and n-alcohols (28%), with low n-aldehyde content (4%). All other clones produced cuticular wax dominated by n-alcohols (32-51%), particularly 1-hexacosanol, with fatty acids (14-37%) and n-aldehydes (19-26%) present in lower abundances. Clones of Salix grown under identical environmental conditions produce noticeably different amounts of cuticular wax. In contrast to previous studies of Salix, total wax content was independent of biomass productivity, measured as basal area, suggesting that wax production is not directly linked with woody biomass production by shrub willows under these site conditions.     

大叶黄杨叶片内部光能利用梯度

采用一种新方法来测量大叶黄杨叶片(Euonymus japonicus T.)内部的绝对光能利用效率梯度曲线.该方法基于光声光谱的深度分析(Depth-Analysis)理论,并结合了光纤微探测器的叶片光梯度测量结果.日本小檗(Berberis thunbergii D C.)叶片的光声光谱扫描显示了深度分析的精确性.实验结果表明:叶片内部利用光能效率最低处在栅栏组织和海绵组织之间(入射光能0.026%-660 nm红光);越靠近叶片的上表皮和下表皮,显示出叶片组织利用光能效率有上升的趋势(分别为0.092% 和0.036%).因此,不同叶肉组织绝对光能利用效率是不同的,该实验结果直接证实了Han和Vogelmann (1999)所提出的假设.     

Synopsis of Leymus Hochst. (Triticeae: Poaceae)

Leymus is a genus in the Triticeae tribe, Poaceae. The taxa of this genus are allopolyploid species which possess the Ns and Xm genomes. According to cytological, cytogenetic and molecular genetic analyses, some species of Hystrix and Elymus ought to be transferred to this genus. A world revision of the genus Leymus is needed. In this paper we summarize experimental results, provide a key to sections, species and varieties, and list all the taxa we recognize in Leymus with their synonyms. This synopsis is a new taxonomic system to be used for the revision of Leymus.     

Synopsis of Leymus Hochst. （Triticeae： Poaceae）

Leymus is a genus in the Triticeae tribe, Poaceae. The taxa of this genus are allopolyploid species which possess the Ns and Xm genomes. According to cytological, cytogenetic and molecular genetic analyses, some species of Hystrix and Elymus ought to be transferred to this genus. A world revision of the genus Leymus is needed. In this paper we summarize experimental results, provide a key to sections, species and varieties, and list all the taxa we recognize in Leymus with their synonyms. This synopsis is a new taxonomic system to be used for the revision of Leymus.     

鼎突多刺蚁脑部组织切片方法初探及其脑部结构

膜翅目昆虫蚂蚁具有明显的多态现象,社会性生活中的分工亦非常明确。而作为蚁科中的鼎突多刺蚁还有着较高的药用保健价值。因此对其神经系统的研究有着重要的生物学意义。但蚂蚁脑部坚硬的外骨骼使得对其的组织学切片有一定难度。本试验即对鼎突多刺蚁的脑部组织切片方法进行了摸索和研究。     

木本植物非均质化组织石蜡切片制作方法

在常规石蜡切片技术的基础上, 针对木本植物茎段木质化程度高、硬度大以及各部分组织硬度不均匀等特点, 选取核桃(Juglans regia)茎段以及芽接愈合区域组织为实验材料, 对固定、软化和脱水等关键步骤进行改进, 获得结构完整且染色清晰的茎段组织和嫁接愈合区域组织切片, 可清晰地观察到各部分组织的形态特征和愈合过程中的发育特征, 且缩短了制片周期。采用改良后的实验流程成功获得了苹果(Malus pumila)、桃(Amygdalus persica)、杏(Armeniaca vulgaris)、李(Prunus salicina)和杨(Populus tomentosa)的茎段横截面切片。该方法为从解剖学上研究林木茎段生长机制和形态发育变化提供技术基础, 为非均质化植物材料的石蜡切片制作提供参考。